Ndege, nyumba yomanga ya Nucleic Acids (DNA ndi RNA), kusewera gawo lofunikira posungira manema ndi kusamutsa. Ngakhale ma ntchositi apakati, adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, a thymil, ndi Uracil, omwe amadziwika bwino, ndiye kuti ndi magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Kodi ma nucleoside osinthika asintha bwanji?
Zosinthidwa za ma ewuni ndizomwe zidasinthidwa ma nucleotide omwe asintha mankhwala ku maziko awo, shuga, kapena gulu la phosphate. Zosintha izi zimatha kusintha zinthu zakuthupi komanso zamankhwala zamiyuniyi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muzigwirizana ndi mamolekyulu ena komanso zimapangitsa kapangidwe kake ndi ntchito ya asidi wa nuclec.
Mitundu ya zosintha ndi ntchito zawo
Zosintha Zoyambira: Izi zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwa nitrorogenious m'munsi mwa nucleotide. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo methlation, kuyanjana, ndi glycosyty. Zosintha zoyambira zitha kukhudza:
Kukhazikika: Mabati osinthidwa amatha kuwonjezera kukhazikika kwa zitsulo za nuclec, kuwateteza kuwonongeka.
Kuzindikira: Zowonjezera zosinthidwa zitha kukhala ngati malo odziwika kuti mapuloteni, kukopa njira monga RNA kutsika komanso kapangidwe ka mapu protein.
Ntchito: Zowonjezera zosinthidwa zitha kusintha ntchito ya ma acid a nuclec acids, monga tawonera pa TRNA ndi RRRNA.
Zosintha shuga: Zosintha kwa nthiti kapena shuga za dedo zimatha kukhudza magwiridwe antchito ndi kukhazikika kwa nucleic acid. Zosintha wamba za shuga zimaphatikizapo methylation ndi pseudylation.
Kusintha kwa phosphate: Kusintha kwa msana wa phosphate kumathandizira kukhazikika ndi kusintha kwa nuclec acid. Methyhlation ya magulu a phosphate ndi njira wamba.
Maudindo Osinthidwa Nyengo Zazithunzi Zachilengedwe
RNA Kukhazikika: Kusinthidwa kwa ma encrases osinthidwa kumathandizira kukhazikika kwa RNA mamolekyulu, kuwateteza kuwonongeka.
Protein Synthesis: Kusintha kwa mafilimu ku DANA kumathandizanso gawo lofunikira mu kapangidwe ka malamulo potengera codon-anticodon.
Magemu: Zosintha ku DNA ndi RNA imatha kuyang'anira majini mwa kukhudzidwa mawu, kupukusa, ndi kumasulira.
Kubwereza kwa ma virus: ma virus ambiri amasintha ma acid a zigawo zawo kuti athetse chitetezo cha mthupi.
Matenda: Kusintha kwa mitundu yosinthidwa ya entracle alumikizidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo khansa.
Ntchito Zosinthidwa Zosinthidwa
Othandizira othandizira: Kusintha kwa ma ewuni kusinthidwa kumachitika pakukula kwa mankhwala antiviral ndi anticancer mankhwala.
Biomari: Zosinthidwa zosinthidwa zimatha kukhala ngati biomaring zodwala, kupereka chidziwitso m'machitidwe matenda.
Zopanga Biology: Zosinthidwa ma enematizide amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zitsulo zopangidwa ndi ma ellectic.
Nanotechchnology: Zosinthidwa zosinthidwa zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga nanostructerice pazomwe mapulogalamu amagwiritsa ntchito.
Mapeto
Kusintha kwa ma enemadives ndi zigawo zingapo zamankhwala, kusewera maudindo osiyanasiyana mu geneti mawu, malamulo, ndi njira zama cellular. Mphamvu zawo zapadera zawapangitsa kukhala ndi zida zamtengo wapatali mu biotechnology, mankhwala, ndi nanotechnology. Monga kamvedwe kathu ka mamolekyulu kumapitilirabe kukula, titha kuyembekezera kuwona zokhudzana ndi kufufuza.
Post Nthawi: Jul-31-2024